An array is an object used to contain and organize
data of the same data type, including objects (other arrays also) and primitive
values. The values or elements in the array are located
at indexes or subscripts, starting at position 0
and ending at the declared array size position.
Instead of declaring individual variables, such as
number0, number1, ..., and number99, you declare one array variable such as
numbers and use numbers[0], numbers[1], and ..., numbers[99] to represent individual variables.
Sorting the elements in an array can be done
through two different methods, selection sort and insertion sort. Selection
sorting is accomplished using two for loops to pick an
initial position, scanning each position in the array, selecting the correct
value which should go there, and then repeating this forever position in the
array. Insertion sorting is accomplished by shifting a value
into its correct position into a "correct side" of the array which is
created from only "verified" values
When
processing array elements, we often use either for loop or foreach loop because
all of the elements in an array are of the same type and the size of the array
is known
